Dega Central Highlands Organization Dega Central Highlands Organization
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The photographs of Y Bham Enuol

Seven pictures are gathered here, all of them from our own archive: the studio portrait, two portraits in uniform, the flag at Camp le Rolland, a photograph beside an aircraft, one of him armed in the field, and the family group. None of them has a photographer’s name attached, and only one has a date written on it. We say about each exactly what we know.

The studio portrait

Y Bham Enuol in a dark suit and tie, a head-and-shoulders studio portrait
The portrait that has been copied more than any other. The Montagnard Human Rights Organization dates it to 1958, the year of the BAJARAKA letters. From the DCHO archive. The same portrait is published by the Montagnard Human Rights Organization, dated 1958, and on Wikimedia Commons.

If 1958 is right, it was taken within months of his arrest. The same picture is on Wikimedia Commons, marked there as a public-domain photograph of the Republic of Vietnam; the entry names no photographer and gives no first publication, so that marking is a judgment rather than a record.

In uniform

Y Bham Enuol in a plain field uniform with shoulder boards, facing the camera
A plain field uniform with shoulder boards, photographed straight on, like an identity photograph. From the DCHO archive.
Y Bham Enuol seated in uniform with stars on the shoulder board, a camp behind him
Seated in uniform with the stars of a commanding general on the shoulder board, a camp behind him. Copied from a printed original, which is why the dots of the printing show. The Montagnard Human Rights Organization dates its copy to 1964. From the DCHO archive.

Between them these two show the change the record describes: the provincial official of 1958 is, by the middle of the decade, the president and commanding general of a movement in the field. He is in uniform in both, and in neither is he carrying a weapon.

Camp le Rolland, 1965

Y Bham Enuol in a suit standing at a flagpole, the flag flying above him, troops drawn up under a thatched shelter behind
The flag flying at Camp le Rolland, the FULRO headquarters in Mondulkiri, with the troops drawn up behind. He stands at the flagpole in a civilian suit. From the DCHO archive. The same photograph is published by champa.one, credited to FULRO, with the printed caption “Y-Bham Enuol at Camp De Rolland, 1965.”

This is the most valuable of them, because it is the only one that shows him at work: the president of a movement, in front of his own soldiers, at the place he ran it from. The flag is the one the 1968 agreement would later concede in writing. The printed caption on the published copy indicates it was scanned from a book, most probably Po Dharma’s history of FULRO, which used the movement’s own archive.

Beside an aircraft

Three men standing beside an aircraft, the man in the middle in a dark suit and tie
Three men beside an aircraft, Y Bham Enuol in the center in a suit. Neither the date nor the place is written on our copy. From the DCHO archive.

He was flown in and out of meetings more than once: to Pleiku in February 1963 from a prison cell, to Ban Me Thuot for the talks of 1965 and 1967, and in and out of Phnom Penh after that. Any of those journeys would fit this picture, and we are not going to pretend we know which. If you recognize the aircraft, the uniform of the men with him, or the airfield, tell us.

The family

A family group of fifteen people photographed outdoors against a wall, a man in a dark suit at the center
The Enuol family. Y Bham Enuol stands at the center, in the suit. Fifteen people are in the picture, from a grandmother to a baby in arms. From the DCHO archive.

This is the only picture we have of him with his family, and it is the only evidence in this library of the household that was with him in Phnom Penh. Every source we have read says his wife and children died with him. Not one of them gives a name.

If you can name anybody in this photograph, or say where and when it was taken, please write to us. Putting names to these faces would be the most valuable addition anyone could make to this section.

In the field

A highland fighter in camouflage and a soft cap, a pipe in his mouth, a rifle slung over his shoulder
Y Bham Enuol in the field: camouflage, a slung rifle and the pipe. Identified by DCHO from our own records. From the DCHO archive.

This is the only photograph we have of him armed and in the field, and it is the one that answers the portraits: the official in the suit and the president in the flag ceremony are the same man who carried a rifle through the grass on the border. It circulates on Montagnard community pages as well, under his name. We publish it on the identification of our own organization, and if anyone can date it or say where it was taken, tell us.

The photograph in our own gallery

The DCHO gallery holds a picture, long labeled as the president, showing four men in uniform with a tall Western man in a white shirt. We are not able to confirm that Y Bham Enuol is in it, or when it was taken; the composition has as much in common with photographs of the last FULRO unit meeting foreign visitors in the 1990s as with anything from his lifetime. Until we can establish what it shows, we describe it as Dega officers with a foreign visitor, and we do not present it as a picture of him.

The photograph guide explains how we handle pictures whose subjects are uncertain.

What is not to be found

  • No photograph of him at the Conference of Indochinese Peoples in Phnom Penh, March 1965, has surfaced in any archive we searched.
  • Nothing in the United States National Archives catalog or the Library of Congress shows him by name.
  • The American press agencies hold Montagnard pictures from 1964 and 1965, but none we found is captioned with his name; their licenses would not let us republish them in any case.
  • No film of him is known to us. If any exists it is most likely in Cambodian or French television archives of 1965 to 1970.
  • Nothing at all from the last six years of his life, in Phnom Penh, or from April 1975.

If you hold a picture of him

Families in North Carolina, in Cambodia and in France hold photographs that have never been copied. A photograph of Y Bham Enuol — at home, at a meeting, in the camp, with his family — belongs in the record of our people. We will copy it, credit it as you ask, and return the original. How to record an elder explains how we take copies, and this page says how to reach us.

Sources

Compiled September 2026. Where a photograph’s photographer or first publication is unknown to us, this page says so rather than inventing a credit. If you are the photographer or the rights holder of any picture here, write to us and we will credit it properly or take it down.

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